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Effect of strata restraint on seismic performance of prefabricated sidewall joints in fabricated subway

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第5期页码 763-779 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0917-6

摘要： A disadvantage of the conventional quasi-static test method is that it does not consider the soil restraint effect. A new method to test the seismic performance of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, which can realistically reflect the strata restraint effect on the underground structure. Laboratory work combined with finite element (FE) analysis is performed in this study. Three full-scale sidewall specimens with different joint forms are designed and fabricated. Indices related to the seismic performance and damage modes are analyzed comprehensively to reveal the mechanism of the strata restraint effect on the prefabricated sidewall components. Test results show that the strata restraint effect effectively improves the energy dissipation capacity, load-bearing capacity, and the recoverability of the internal deformation of the precast sidewall components. However, the strata restraint effect reduces the ductility of the precast sidewall components and aggravates the shear and bending deformations in the core region of the connection joints. Additionally, the strata restraint effect significantly affects the seismic performance and damage mode of the prefabricated sidewall components. An FE model that can be used to conduct a seismic performance study of prefabricated specimens for underground assembled structures is proposed, and its feasibility is verified via comparison with test data.

关键词： underground structures precast sidewall specimen seismic test method bearing capacity energy dissipation capacity plastic deformation

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Factors affecting the seismic behavior of segmental precast bridge columns

Haitham DAWOOD,Mohamed ELGAWADY,Joshua HEWES

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 388-398 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0264-8

摘要： This manuscript discusses the design parameters that potentially affect the lateral seismic response of segmental precast post-tensioned bridge piers. The piers consist of precast circular cross section segments stacked one on top of the other with concentric tendons passing through ducts made in the segments during casting. The bottommost segments of the piers were encased in steel tubes to enhance ductility and minimize damage. An FE model was used to investigate different design parameters and how they influence the lateral force – displacement response of the piers. Design parameters investigated included the initial post-tensioning stress as a percentage of the tendon yield stress, the applied axial stresses on concrete due to post-tensioning, pier aspect ratios, construction details, steel tube thicknesses, and internal mild steel rebar added as energy dissipaters. Based on the data presented, an initial tendon stress in the range of 40%-60% of its yield stress and initial axial stress on concrete of approximately 20% of the concrete’s characteristic strength is appropriate for most typical designs. These design values will prevent tendon yielding until lateral drift angle reaches approximately 4.5%. Changing the steel tube thickness, height, or a combination of both proved to be an effective parameter that may be used to reach a target performance level at a specific seismic zone.

关键词： finite element analysis concrete precast units bridges

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Seismic performance of precast hollow bridge piers with different construction details

Zhiqiang WANG,Jiping GE,Hongyi WEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 399-413 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0273-7

摘要： Currently the design scheme of precast hollow concrete bridge piers will be adopted in bridge design in China, but there is no code including specific design details of precast segmental piers in high seismic risk area. For comparative study of seismic performance of the hollow bridge piers which had different design details, six specimens of hollow section bridge pier were designed and tested. The specimens consist of the monolithic cast-in-place concrete bridge pier, precast segmental prestressed pier with cast-in-place joint and precast segmental concrete bridge pier with dry joints. Results show that all specimens have good displacement capacity. The bridge pier with bonded prestressed strands exhibits better energy dissipation capacity and higher strength. The un-bonded prestressed strand bridge pier displays less residual plastic displacement and energy dissipation capacity. The bridge pier with both bonded prestressed strands at the edge of the section and un-bonded in the center of the section not only exhibits more ductility capacity and less residual plastic displacement, but also shows better energy dissipation capacity. Compared with experimental results of prestressed bridge columns, analytical result demonstrates the developed numerical analysis model would provide the reasonable and accurate results.

关键词： hollow pier seismic performance cyclic load precast concrete bridge columns

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Ductility improvement of GFRP-RC beams using precast confined concrete block in compression zone

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0968-8

摘要： Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) have received considerable research attention because of their high strength, corrosion resistance, and low weight. However, owing to the lack of ductility in this material and the quasi-brittle behavior of concrete, FRP-reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) beams, even with flexural failure, do not fail in a ductile manner. Because the limited deformation capacity of FRP-RC beams depends on the ductility of their compression zones, the present study proposes using a precast confined concrete block (PCCB) in the compression zone to improve the ductility of the beams. A control beam and four beams with different PCCBs were cast and tested under four-point bending conditions. The control beam failed due to shear, and the PCCBs exhibited different confinements and perforations. The goal was to find an appropriate PCCB for use in the compression zone of the beams, which not only improved the ductility but also changed the failure mode of the beams from shear to flexural. Among the employed blocks, a ductile PCCB with low equivalent compressive strength increased the ductility ratio of the beam to twice that of the control beam. The beam failed in pure flexure with considerable deformation capacity and without significant stiffness reduction.

关键词： ductility four-point bending test glass fiber-reinforced polymer precast confined concrete block

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Flexural and longitudinal shear performance of precast lightweight steel–ultra-high performance concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第5期页码 704-721 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0941-6

摘要： In this study, the flexural and longitudinal shear performances of two types of precast lightweight steel–ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) composite beams are investigated, where a cluster UHPC slab (CUS) and a normal UHPC slab (NUS) are connected to a steel beam using headed studs through discontinuous shear pockets and full-length shear pockets, respectively. Results show that the longitudinal shear force of the CUS is greater than that of the NUS, whereas the interfacial slip of the former is smaller. Owing to its better integrity, the CUS exhibits greater flexural stiffness and a higher ultimate bearing capacity than the NUS. To further optimize the design parameters of the CUS, a parametric study is conducted to investigate their effects on the flexural and longitudinal shear performances. The square shear pocket is shown to be more applicable for the CUS, as the optimal spacing between two shear pockets is 650 mm. Moreover, a design method for transverse reinforcement is proposed; the transverse reinforcement is used to withstand the splitting force caused by studs in the shear pocket and prevent the UHPC slab from cracking. According to calculation results, the transverse reinforcement can be canceled when the compressive strength of UHPC is 150 MPa and the volume fraction of steel fiber exceeds 2.0%.

关键词： precast steel–UHPC composite beam flexural performance longitudinal shear performance parametric study transverse reinforcement ratio

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Seismic response of precast reinforced concrete wall subjected to cyclic in-plane and constant out-of-plane

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第5期页码 1128-1143 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0753-5

摘要： This paper provides insight into the seismic behavior of a full-scale precast reinforced concrete wall under in-plane cyclic loading combined with out-of-plane loading replicated by sand backfill to simulate the actual condition of basement walls. The tested wall exhibited flexural cracks, owing to the high aspect ratio and considerable out-of-plane movement due to lateral pressure from the backfill. The wall performed satisfactorily by exhibiting competent seismic parameters and deformation characteristics governed by its ductile response in the nonlinear phase during the test with smaller residual drift. Numerical analysis was conducted to validate experimental findings, which complied with each other. The numerical model was used to conduct parametric studies to study the effect of backfill density and aspect ratio on seismic response of the proposed precast wall system. The in-plane capacity of walls reduced, while deformation characteristics were unaffected by the increase in backfill density. An increase in aspect ratio leads to a reduction in in-plane capacity and an increase in drift. Curves between the ratio of in-plane yield capacity and design shear load of walls are proposed for the backfill density, which may be adopted to determine the in-plane yield capacity of the basement walls based on their design shear.

关键词： precast wall basement wall out-of-plane response quasi-static test sand backfill seismic parameters

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Dynamic response of precast segmental bridge columns under heavy truck impact

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 327-349 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0911-z

摘要： Considering the wide application of precast segmental bridge columns (PSBCs) in engineering practice, impact-resistant performance has gained significant attention. However, few studies have focused on PSBCs subjected to high-energy impacts caused by heavy truck collisions. Therefore, the behavior of PSBCs under a heavy truck impact was investigated in this study using high-fidelity finite element (FE) models. The detailed FE modeling methods of the PSBCs and heavy trucks were validated against experimental tests. The validated modeling methods were employed to simulate collisions between PSBCs and heavy trucks. The simulation results demonstrated that the engine and cargo caused two major peak impact forces during collision. Subsequently, the impact force, failure mode, displacement, and internal force of the PSBCs under heavy truck impacts were scrutinized. An extensive study was performed to assess the influence of the section size, truck weight, impact velocity, and number of precast segments on the impact responses. The truck weight was found to have a minor effect on the engine impact force. Damage was found to be localized at the bottom of the three segments, with the top remaining primarily undamaged. This parametric study demonstrated that larger cross-sections may be a preferred option to protect PSBCs against the impact of heavy trucks.

关键词： precast segmental bridge columns heavy truck collision dynamic response

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Structural performance of a façade precast concrete sandwich panel enabled by a bar-type basalt fiber-reinforced

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 122-137 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0894-1

摘要： In this study, a novel diagonally inserted bar-type basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) connector was proposed, aiming to achieve both construction convenience and partially composite behavior in precast concrete sandwich panels (PCSPs). First, pull-out tests were conducted to evaluate the anchoring performance of the connector in concrete after exposure to different temperatures. Thereafter, direct shear tests were conducted to investigate the shear performance of the connector. After the test on the individual performance of the connector, five façade PCSP specimens with the bar-type BFRP connector were fabricated, and the out-of-plane flexural performance was tested under a uniformly distributed load. The investigating parameters included the panel length, opening condition, and boundary condition. The results obtained in this study primarily indicated that 1) the bar-type BFRP connector can achieve a reliable anchorage system in concrete; 2) the bar-type BFRP connector can offer sufficient stiffness and capacity to achieve a partially composite PCSP; 3) the boundary condition of the panel considerably influenced the out-of-plane flexural performance and composite action of the investigated façade PCSP.

关键词： precast concrete sandwich panel basalt fiber reinforced polymer pull-out performance shear performance out-of-plane flexural performance

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Construction Technology of Off-Site Precast Concrete Buildings

Ting Gong,Jian Yang,Hao Hu,Feng Xu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 122-124 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015039

摘要： The industrialization of building construction is gradually becoming a new choice of construction technology driven by some great advantages such as high efficiency in construction, low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. Construction management plays an important part to ensure the quality of projects. A comparison between traditional on-site and modern off-site construction methods has been conducted. The streamlining of the process including the fabrication, transportation, stacking and assembling of precast components has also been analyzed with a discussion on the BIM application in the process.

关键词： off-site construction precast concrete modular construction construction management building information model (BIM)

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Effects of delamination in drilling glass/polyester composite

Mehdi GANJIANI, Majid SAFARABADI, Nabi MEHRI-KHANSARI, Hossein ORUJI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 552-567 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0699-7

摘要： Considering failures during machinery processes such as drilling, a precautionary analysis involving delamination and the corresponding dissipated energy is required, especially for composite structures. In this context, because of the complexity of both the analysis procedure and experimental test setup, most studies prefer to represent mode I and III interlaminar crack propagation instead of that involving mode II. Therefore, in this study, the effect of mode delamination and corresponding interlaminar crack propagation was considered during the drilling process of multilayered glass/polyester composites using both numerical and experimental approaches. In the experimental procedure, the mechanical properties of the glass/polyester specimens were obtained according to ASTM D3039. In addition, the interlaminar mixed-mode (I/II) loadings were determined using an ARCAN test fixture so that the fracture toughness of glass/polyester could then be identified. The mode II critical strain energy release rate (CSERR) was then obtained using an experimental test performed using an ARCAN fixture and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). It was determined that the numerical approach was in accordance with the experiments, and more than 95% of crack propagation could be attributed to mode II compared to the two other modes.

关键词： delamination VCCT ARCAN specimen drilling mode II

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高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁力学特性分析

荣传新,王秀喜,程桦

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第7期页码 43-49

摘要：

对高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁结构的研究表明，实验结果与数值计算结果基本一致。高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁结构具有很高的承载能力，影响其承载能力的主要因素依次为混凝土的强度等级、厚径比和配筋率。在均布荷载作用下，混凝土的强度等级提高10MPa，极限承载力提高1.26MPa。厚径比每增加1%，极限承载力增加0.85 MPa。增大配筋率对提高其极限承载力作用不大，配筋率增大3倍，极限承载力只增加了0.1MPa。

关键词：高强钢筋混凝土预制弧板井壁力学特性有限元法 ANSYS

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体内-体外混合配束节段预制拼装箱梁足尺模型试验研究

郑开启,卜红旗,刘钊,惠卓,吕志涛

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第8期页码 89-94

摘要：

以南京长江第四大桥引桥为背景，开展了一孔48 m跨径体内-体外混合配束节段预制拼装箱梁的足尺模型试验，以研究该类箱梁在正常使用阶段和施工状态下的结构行为。根据试验箱梁的尺寸参数以及实际约束条件确定了拼装与加载方案。本文重点研究正常使用荷载和梁上运梁两种工况下梁体应力状况与位移变化等结构静力性能，并与试验梁实体有限元模型进行对比分析。研究结果表明：在正常使用阶段，加、卸载后拼装梁体残余变形较小，基本处于弹性工作状态，整体性较好；键齿接缝两侧基本无相对滑移，接缝截面纵向应变沿梁高大致呈线性变化，力学行为基本符合平截面假定；体外预应力束在转向处基本无滑移，体内外预应力增量随跨中弯矩基本呈线性变化；在梁上运梁工况下，实测梁体下缘压应力储备充足，满足运梁安全性要求。

关键词：节段预制拼装模型试验体外预应力足尺试验

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考虑垫片形状和尺寸效应的珊瑚混凝土劈裂抗拉性能的三维细观研究 Article

吴彰钰, 张锦华, 余红发, 方秦, 麻海燕, 陈力

《工程（英文）》 2022年第17卷第10期页码 110-122 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.02.024

摘要：

珊瑚混凝土（CAC）作为一种新型建筑材料，已经在岛礁工程结构建设领域引起了极大的关注。为了研究CAC的静态劈裂抗拉性能，本文提出了一种考虑骨料形状和空间分布随机性的三维（3D）随机混凝土细观模型，影响因素包括试件形状和支承垫片尺寸。我们建立了12 个不同的混凝土细观模型，按照试件形状可分为两种，即边长为150 mm的立方体和尺寸为ϕ150 mm×300 mm的圆柱体。其中，支承垫片宽度为6 mm、9 mm、12 mm、15 mm、18 mm和20 mm。本文系统分析和讨论了试件几何形状和垫片宽度对CAC劈裂抗拉性能的影响规律，研究内容包括混凝土开裂过程、最终破坏模式和劈裂抗拉强度（f_st）。结果表明：本文所开发的细观模型具有很高的可靠性，并确定了适用于CAC劈裂抗拉性能模拟和预测的最优计算参数。CAC的f_st值与试件形状和垫片宽度直接相关。其中，在垫片尺寸相同的情况下，立方体CAC试件的f_st值要略高于圆柱体模型，表明可以采用断裂面积的差异来解释试件形状效应对CAC f_st值的影响规律。此外，当垫片的相对宽度由0.04 增加到0.13 时，CAC的f_st值会呈现逐渐增大的趋势。基于弹性力学理论，本文初步确定了不同垫片宽度条件下CAC f_st的取值范围，这对于研究CAC的抗拉性能具有重要意义。

关键词：珊瑚混凝土三维细观模拟劈拉试验抗拉强度试件形状支承垫片

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预铸复合螺箍SRC柱之轴压行为研究

尹衍樑,翁正强,王瑞祯,梁景裕

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 16-30

摘要：

开展了一系列大尺寸钢骨钢筋混凝土矩形柱的轴压试验，旨在探讨新型的复合螺旋箍筋或“尹氏螺箍”在矩形SRC柱之使用效益。由于“尹氏螺箍”采用自动化加工制造，可大幅降低箍筋绑扎之人力及缩短工期，极具经济效益，很适合用于预铸工法。依据力学原理探讨SRC柱箍筋用量的合理性，研究参数包括箍筋的型式、间距及钢骨之型式、SRC柱之轴压强度与韧性。由于SRC柱内部的钢骨亦能够围束混凝土，有助于降低SRC柱箍筋之需求量，达到更经济的设计结果；且螺旋箍筋对混凝土的围束效果比传统水平闭合箍筋更好，可提升柱之强度与抗震能力。试验结果显示，配置新型五螺箍之SRC柱可以发展出良好的强度与韧性，且具备良好的经济效益。研究并建立了一组适合这种新型SRC柱之围束箍筋设计方法，以提供学术界与工程界参考。

关键词：预铸工法钢骨钢筋混凝土（SRC）矩形SRC柱复合螺箍五螺箍轴压强度